Birds  /  Shorebirds  /  Black-bellied Plover

Black-bellied Plover

Pluvialis squatarolaNativeLeast Concern

About the Black-bellied Plover

The Black-bellied Plover is the largest and wariest of the plovers that pass through Michigan, a stocky, big-headed shorebird with a short, stout black bill. In breeding plumage it is spectacular — a jet-black face, throat, and belly set against a back spangled silver and white — while the birds usually seen on migration are a plainer pale gray, keeping the chunky shape and thick bill. In flight it flashes black "armpits" (axillaries) beneath the wing, a mark shared with no other regular shorebird here and useful at a distance.

It breeds on the high Arctic tundra and passes through the state as a migrant, favoring open mudflats, Great Lakes shorelines, beaches, and flooded fields, often standing apart from the smaller sandpipers and foraging in the classic plover run-and-stop fashion. Alert and quick to give its plaintive, three-note whistled call, the Black-bellied Plover frequently acts as a sentinel, flushing and alarming other shorebirds. Its late-lingering flocks are a feature of the state's fall shorelines.


Diet

Marine wormsInsectsCrustaceansMollusks

Feeds on marine and aquatic worms, insects, small crustaceans, and mollusks taken from mudflats and shorelines with the plover's run-stop-peck technique. It hunts by sight on open flats and beaches, snatching prey from the surface, and often forages more spread out than the flocking sandpipers.

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Questions birders ask

How do I identify a Black-bellied Plover in fall?

In its plain nonbreeding plumage it is a stocky, pale gray shorebird with a large head and a short, thick black bill. In flight it shows diagnostic black "armpits" under the wings, unlike any other regular Michigan shorebird.

Does it breed in Michigan?

No. It nests on the high Arctic tundra and passes through the state only as a migrant in spring and fall, on mudflats, Great Lakes shorelines, beaches, and flooded fields.

Why do other shorebirds react to it?

The Black-bellied Plover is wary and quick to give its plaintive whistled alarm call, so it often acts as a sentinel, flushing and alerting other shorebirds when danger approaches.

Why is this Black-bellied Plover not black-bellied?

Most Michigan sightings are of nonbreeding or juvenile birds, which are gray, scaly, and plain below. The black armpit patch in flight identifies them in any plumage.

Easily confused with

Other birds you might be looking at instead.

American Golden-PloverPluvialis dominica
KilldeerCharadrius vociferus
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