Birds  /  Songbirds  /  Northern Shrike

Northern Shrike

Lanius borealisNativeLeast Concern

About the Northern Shrike

The Northern Shrike is a songbird with the habits of a raptor — a pale gray, robin-sized bird with a black bandit mask, black wings and tail, and a stout, hooked bill that it uses to kill prey much like a small hawk. It hunts from an exposed perch in open country, dropping onto small birds, voles, and large insects, and it has the macabre and famous habit of impaling its catch on thorns and barbed wire, creating a "larder" that both stores food and helps it hold and tear prey it lacks the strong talons to grip.

Northern Shrikes breed in the taiga and shrub-tundra of the far north and come to Michigan only in winter, when they hunt over brushy fields, forest edges, and open country with scattered trees. They are usually solitary and are seen perched conspicuously atop a shrub or wire, scanning for prey, or in bounding flight. Their numbers vary from winter to winter, partly with northern food conditions. A hunting Northern Shrike is a striking reminder that a "songbird" can be a fierce little predator.


Diet

Small birdsSmall mammalsVolesLarge insects

Preys on small birds, small mammals such as voles and mice, and large insects, hunting from exposed perches and dropping onto prey. It famously impales prey on thorns, spines, and barbed wire to store it and to help tear it apart, since it lacks the powerful talons of true raptors.

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Questions birders ask

Why does a shrike impale its prey on thorns?

The Northern Shrike lacks the strong grasping talons of hawks, so it wedges or impales prey on thorns, spines, and barbed wire to hold it while tearing off pieces. These "larders" also store surplus food for later.

Isn't it unusual for a songbird to be a predator?

Yes. Shrikes are songbirds that hunt like small raptors, taking birds, small mammals, and large insects with a stout, hooked bill. This predatory lifestyle sets them apart from most of their relatives.

When and where can I see one?

In winter, roughly late fall through early spring, in open country with scattered trees and shrubs, brushy fields, and edges. It breeds in the far north and is absent from Michigan in summer.

Why does that shrike look brown?

First-year Northern Shrikes are brownish-gray with heavy crescent barring across the breast and a fainter mask than adults. Most shrikes seen in Michigan between October and December are these young birds.

Easily confused with

Other birds you might be looking at instead.

Northern MockingbirdMimus polyglottos
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